Eur Urol. 2018 Aug;74(2):211-217. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2018.01.017. Epub 2018 Feb 9.
Cooperberg MR1, Brooks JD2, Faino AV3, Newcomb LF4, Kearns JT5, Carroll PR6, Dash A5, Etzioni R3, Fabrizio MD7, Gleave ME8, Morgan TM9, Nelson PS10, Thompson IM11, Wagner AA12, Lin DW4, Zheng Y3. Author information: Comment in
Abstract BACKGROUND: For men on active surveillance for prostate cancer, utility of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) kinetics (PSAk) in predicting pathologic reclassification remains controversial. OBJECTIVE: To develop prediction methods for utilizing serial PSA and evaluate frequency of collection. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Data were collected from men enrolled in the multicenter Canary Prostate Active Surveillance Study, for whom PSA data were measured and biopsies performed on prespecified schedules. We developed a PSAk parameter based on a linear mixed-effect model (LMEM) that accounted for serial PSA levels. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: The association of diagnostic PSA and/or PSAk with time to reclassification (increase in cancer grade and/or volume) was evaluated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: A total of 851 men met the study criteria; 255 (30%) had a reclassification event within 5 yr. Median follow-up was 3.7 yr. After adjusting for prostate size, time since diagnosis, biopsy parameters, and diagnostic PSA, PSAk was a significant predictor of reclassification (hazard ratio for each 0.10 increase in PSAk=1.6 [95% confidence interval 1.2-2.1, p<0.001]). The PSAk model improved stratification of risk prediction for the top and bottom deciles of risk over a model without PSAk. Model performance was essentially identical using PSA data measured every 6 mo to those measured every 3 mo. The major limitation is the reliability of reclassification as an end point, although it drives most treatment decisions. CONCLUSIONS: PSAk calculated using an LMEM statistically significantly predicts biopsy reclassification. Models that use repeat PSA measurements outperform a model incorporating only diagnostic PSA. Model performance is similar using PSA assessed every 3 or 6 mo. If validated, these results should inform optimal incorporation of PSA trends into active surveillance protocols and risk calculators. PATIENT SUMMARY: In this report, we looked at whether repeat prostate-specific antigen (PSA) measurements, or PSA kinetics, improve prediction of biopsy outcomes in men using active surveillance to manage localized prostate cancer. We found that in a large multicenter active surveillance cohort, PSA kinetics improves the prediction of surveillance biopsy outcome. Copyright © 2018 European Association of Urology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. PMCID: PMC6263168 [Available on 2019-08-01] |
PSA AND ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE OUTCOME
16 de Junho, 2020